What is ethical hacking?
It involves finding vulnerabilities in computer systems and networks, and devising defenses against them.

The following is a list of important terms used in the hacking field.
Adware – Adware is software that displays pre-selected advertisements on your system.

A procedure is used to gain entry to a computer system and extract sensitive information.

Back door: Also known as a "trap door", a back door is a way to bypass security measures such as password protections or logins in a computer.

Bot - This is a computer program that automates a task so that it can be performed at a much higher rate and for a longer period of time than an administrator. Sending HTTP, FTP, or Telnet at higher rates or calling content at higher rates are examples.

Botnet (also known as zombie armed forces) - A botnet is a group of PCs that are controlled without the knowledge of their owners. Botnets are commonly used for spam and distributed denial-of-service attacks.

Automated brute force attacks are the easiest way to gain access to a website or system. It repeatedly tries different username and password combinations, until it is able to gain access.

Support Flood Cushion Flood occurs when more data is in contact with a memory block, or cradle than it is designed to hold.

When a genuine email is changed with a fake URL to trick the recipient, it is called phishing using a clone.

Saltine - Wafer is someone who breaks the product in order to reach the elements that are considered unfortunate by the person breaking it, especially duplicate insurance highlights.

Denial of Service (DoS), also known as a denial-of-service attack, is a malicious attempt by a hacker to stop users from accessing servers or network resources. This is usually done by temporarily suspending or interfering with the services provided by an Internet host.

DDoS is a distributed denial-of-service.

Take advantage of pack - A programming framework designed to run on a web server, with the intent of identifying programming weaknesses on client machines that speak to it and taking full advantage of those weaknesses to execute malicious code on clients.

Exploitation is a piece of software, data or a set of commands that exploits a vulnerability or bug to compromise the security of a computer or network.

Firewall - The firewall keeps unwanted gatecrashers out of a PC system or organization, while allowing safe communication between the frameworks and users within it.

The process of keystroke logging involves keeping track of the touchscreen points and keys pressed on computers. It's a map of the human-computer interface. It is used by both white-hat hackers and black-hat hacker to store login IDs, passwords and other information. The Trojan that is sent via phishing emails usually releases keyloggers onto the device.

A logic bomb is a virus that infects a computer and performs malicious actions when certain conditions are met. The most common variant is the time bomb.

Malware includes computer viruses, worms and Trojan horses. It also includes spyware, adware and scareware. All of these types are included under the term malware.

Master Program: This is the program used by black hat hackers to send commands from afar to zombie drones infected with malware, usually to launch spam or denial of service attacks.

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Email fraud is called phishing. A person will send emails that appear to be sent by someone real in order to obtain personal information and financial data.

Phreaker - Phreakers illegally hack into telephone networks, usually to make long distance calls for free or to tap lines. They are considered the original computer hacker.

Rootkit Rootkit is an invasive, often pernicious type of software that hides the existence of certain cycles or projects. It can be used to bypass normal techniques of locating and empowering a computer.

Shrink Wrap Code A shrink wrap code is an attack that exploits flaws found in software that has not been patched or configured poorly.

Social engineering is a deception that involves tricking someone to obtain sensitive and personal information such as passwords, user names, and credit card numbers.

Spam is unsolicited email (also known as junk mail) sent to many recipients without their consent.

In order to gain unauthorised access to a computer, the intruder sends a message to it with an IP address which indicates that it is from a trusted source. Spoofing allows an intruder to gain unauthorized access to a computer.

Spyware can be defined as software that gathers information without consent from a person, organization, or consumer, sends this information to a third party without consent, or controls a computer or device without consent.

SQL Injection is a technique that injects SQL code into applications. It involves inserting malicious SQL code into an entry field to be executed (for example to give the attacker the contents of the database).

Threat: A threat can be a potential danger to a computer system or network by exploiting a vulnerability or bug.

Trojan - Trojans are malicious programs disguised to look like a legitimate program. They can be difficult to distinguish from those that were designed to erase documents, alter data, steal passwords, and other information.

Virus: A computer virus is a malicious piece of software or code that has the ability to replicate and can cause harm.

A vulnerability is an error that allows a hacker compromise the security of a computer system or network.

Worms are viruses that replicate themselves rather than altering files. It lives in the active memory instead and reproduces.

Cross-site Scripting is a computer security flaw which affects web applications. XSS allows attackers to inject client-side contents into pages seen by different clients.

A zombie drone can be defined as a computer which has been hacked, and is used to send spam emails or act in the role of "drone".

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